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Do\u00e7. Dr. VINEREKO Mir<\/strong> Aile i\u00e7inde en yararl\u0131\/en sevin\u00e7li olaylar\u0131n ba\u015f\u0131nda, aile n\u00fcfusu i\u00e7inde art\u0131\u015f olmas\u0131 olay\u0131 gelirdi. \u00c7ok ki\u015finin bir araya geldi\u011fi, a\u011f\u0131rland\u0131\u011f\u0131 ya da hizmet g\u00f6rd\u00fc\u011f\u00fc ba\u015fl\u0131ca olay, ailenin evlenme \u00e7a\u011f\u0131na gelmi\u015f olan gencinin evlendirildi\u011fi\/d\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn yap\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131, bir yuva kurmas\u0131 olay\u0131 olurdu. D\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn ba\u015flang\u0131c\u0131, gelinin kat\u0131laca\u011f\u0131 soy ailesine (tlepqe\/en geni\u015f aileye) ve k\u00f6ye getirilmesi, yani gelin alma olay\u0131 ile ba\u015flard\u0131. D\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn sevincinden (\u043d\u044b\u0441\u044d\u0449\u044d \u0445\u044a\u0430\u044f\u0440) daha \u00fcst\u00fcn tutulan ve daha de\u011fer verilen bir olay olmazd\u0131: T\u00fcm akraba ve tan\u0131d\u0131klar, ay\u0131r\u0131ms\u0131z d\u00fc\u011f\u00fcne gelir ve ailenin sevincini payla\u015f\u0131rd\u0131. D\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn ka\u00e7 g\u00fcn s\u00fcrecekse -tek g\u00fcn, \u00fc\u00e7 g\u00fcn ya da yedi g\u00fcn-d\u00fc\u011f\u00fcne gelenlerin hepsi hay\u0131r\/d\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn sofras\u0131ndan yeme i\u00e7me hakk\u0131na sahip olurlard\u0131.<\/p>\n D\u00fc\u011f\u00fcnde verilecek yemekler ve bunlar\u0131n sunulu\u015f bi\u00e7imi, gelene\u011fe uygun olarak kad\u0131nlar taraf\u0131ndan belirlenir\/d\u00fczenlenirdi. Akraba ve yak\u0131n ki\u015filerle kom\u015fular\u0131n getirmi\u015f oldu\u011fu yiyecekler bir yerde\/bir odada toplan\u0131r, yiyeceklerin ba\u015f\u0131na da deneyimli ve akl\u0131 ba\u015f\u0131nda bir kad\u0131n dikilirdi, buna phonte\u015fhat\u00e9s (\u043f\u0445\u044a\u043e\u043d\u0442\u044d\u0448\u044a\u0445\u044c\u044d\u0442\u0435\u0441\/sand\u0131k ba\u015f\u0131nda oturan) denirdi.<\/p>\n Aileye, soya (l\u2019ako\/\u043b1\u0430\u043a\u044a\u043e) mensup olup evlenip ayr\u0131lm\u0131\u015f ve ayr\u0131 yuva kurmu\u015f olan kad\u0131nlar\u0131n her birinin birer sand\u0131k (phonte\/\u043f\u0445\u044a\u043e\u043d\u0442\u044d\/\u043f\u0445\u044a\u0443\u0430\u043d\u0442\u044d) dolusu yiyecek getirmeleri gelenek gere\u011fiydi. Yiyecek sand\u0131k \u00fczerine yerle\u015ftirilen yuvarlak haluj ve ince halujelerle (\u0445\u044c\u0430\u043b\u044b\u0436\u044a\u043e \u0445\u044a\u044d\u0440\u044d-\u043f\u043a1\u0430\u0440\u044d\/b\u00f6reklerle) s\u00fcslenirdi.<\/p>\n Gelinin \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131\u011f\u0131 aileye (t\u0131\u015f\/\u0442\u044b\u0449) g\u00f6nderilen yiyecekler ise, gelinin girdi\u011fi ev taraf\u0131ndan en iyi b\u00f6rek ustas\u0131 (hal\u0131jo\u015f\u015f\u2019e\/\u0445\u044c\u0430\u043b\u044b\u0436\u044a\u043e\u04481\u044d) kad\u0131nlar eliyle \u00f6zel olarak haz\u0131rlat\u0131l\u0131r, k\u0131z evine g\u00f6nderilirdi. Yiyece\u011fi g\u00f6t\u00fcrme g\u00f6revi, evin k\u0131zlar\u0131ndan ya da baban\u0131n k\u0131z karde\u015flerinden biri taraf\u0131ndan yerine getirilirdi. Oraya en m\u00fckemmel yiyecekler, ince b\u00f6rekler ve iki sepet dolusu da palkav (\u043f\u044d\u043b\u043a\u044a\u0430\u0443) (1) g\u00f6t\u00fcr\u00fcl\u00fcrd\u00fc. B\u00f6ylesine m\u00fckemmel d\u00fczenlenmi\u015f yiyecekler \u00f6nce ya\u015fl\u0131lar (nah\u0131j) taraf\u0131ndan tad\u0131l\u0131r, olur verilirse, bu yiyecek t\u0131\u015f evi (k\u0131z evi) i\u00e7in ay\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r ve g\u00f6nderilirdi. Ancak d\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn yedi g\u00fcn s\u00fcrecek olursa, t\u0131\u015f\u2019a g\u00f6t\u00fcr\u00fclecek olan yiyecek, d\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fcn son g\u00fcn\u00fc d\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn evinde ayr\u0131ca haz\u0131rlan\u0131p yollan\u0131rd\u0131.<\/p>\n D\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn gegusuna (\u043d\u044b\u0441\u044d\u0449\u044d \u0434\u0436\u044d\u0433\u0443)\/d\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn e\u011flencelerine kat\u0131l\u0131m, ehil akraba, yak\u0131nlar ve \u00e7ocuklar\u0131 evlendi\u011fi i\u00e7in aileyi kutlayanlardan, o ailenin sevincini payla\u015fanlardan olu\u015furdu. Ayr\u0131ca k\u00f6ydeki tan\u0131nm\u0131\u015f k\u0131zlara ilkin \u00f6zel olarak haber verilirdi, s\u0131ra oyunlara gelece\u011finde o gibi -g\u00fczel ve se\u00e7me- k\u0131zlar g\u00f6nderilen refakat\u00e7iler e\u015fli\u011finde d\u00fc\u011f\u00fcne getirilirlerdi. \u00d6nde gelen ve konuk olan delikanl\u0131 ve k\u0131z gruplar\u0131 da kom\u015fu ya da v\u0131neko\u015f (\u0443\u043d\u044d\u043a\u044a\u043e\u0449; soy ailesi) ailelerince b\u00f6l\u00fc\u015f\u00fcl\u00fcr ve o evlerde a\u011f\u0131rlan\u0131rlard\u0131. Konuklara g\u00f6t\u00fcr\u00fclecek yiyecek ve sofralar, k\u00f6y\u00fcn delikanl\u0131lar\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan d\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn evinden konuk bulunan evlere ta\u015f\u0131n\u0131rd\u0131.<\/p>\n D\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn yeme\u011fi, phonte\u015fhat\u00e9s taraf\u0131ndan, konuk a\u011f\u0131rlanan evlere payla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r\/taksim edilirdi. Erkek kasap\/a\u015f\u00e7\u0131, eti, o ailelere da\u011f\u0131t\u0131rd\u0131. Konuk say\u0131s\u0131na g\u00f6re, birer kesilmi\u015f koyun ya da birer k\u0131s\u0131r\/kesilmemi\u015f koyun, konuk a\u011f\u0131rlayan evlerin her birine g\u00f6nderilirdi. D\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn s\u00fcresince, her g\u00fcn o evlerle ilgilenilir, gerekenler d\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn evinden o evlere g\u00f6nderilirdi. Her konuk grubu i\u00e7in, gelenek gere\u011fi, o evlerde g\u00fcnde \u00fc\u00e7 kez, bir birini izleyen sofralar sunulurdu.<\/p>\n D\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn (\u0445\u044a\u0430\u044f\u0440) evinde ise, akrabalar\u0131n en ya\u015fl\u0131lar\u0131 (\u043d\u044d\u0436\u044a-1\u0443\u0436\u044a\u0445\u044d\u0440), ayr\u0131ca gelinin d\u00fc\u011f\u00fcne getirilen k\u0131z karde\u015fleri, gelin ile birlikte, ayr\u0131 bir yerde yemek yerlerdi.<\/p>\n Hava s\u0131cak (yaz mevsimi) ise, k\u00f6y\u00fcn \u00e7oluk \u00e7ocu\u011funa bah\u00e7elerde, a\u011fa\u00e7 g\u00f6lgelerinde yemek yedirilebilirdi. Onlara sofra ile birlikte s\u00fcrahilerle (gogon) boza (\u0431\u0430\u0445\u044a\u0441\u044b\u043c\u044d;\u0448\u044a\u0443\u0430\u0442\u044d) g\u00f6nderilirdi. \u00c7o\u011funlukla gen\u00e7ler bir evde toplan\u0131r, i\u00e7lerinden birka\u00e7\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6nderir, d\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn evinden yemek getirtirlerdi. Etli yemekler, boza ve ekme\u011fe de\u011fin her t\u00fcrl\u00fc yiyecek d\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn evinden getirtilirdi (2). \u00c7ocuklar\u0131 ve konuklar\u0131 a\u011f\u0131rlayan aileler, d\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn evinden g\u00f6nderilen malzemelerle kendileri de yemek haz\u0131rlar ve bunlar\u0131 d\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn evinden getirilen yemeklerle birlikte konuklara yedirirlerdi.<\/p>\n D\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn evine gelenler, gelenek gere\u011fi ayn\u0131 sofraya de\u011fil, konumlar\u0131na uygun d\u00fc\u015fen de\u011fi\u015fik sofralara otururlard\u0131. Konuklar ve d\u00fc\u011f\u00fcne gelenler, esas olarak birbirlerini gegu (\u0434\u0436\u044d\u0433\u0443) e\u011flenceleri s\u0131ras\u0131nda g\u00f6r\u00fcrlerdi.<\/p>\n Adige d\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn gelene\u011finde \u00f6nemli bir nokta bulunurdu. Gelinin geli\u015fiyle n\u00fcfusu artm\u0131\u015f olan geni\u015f soy ailesi (l\u2019ako\/\u043b1\u0430\u043a\u044a\u043e) ve gelinin girmi\u015f oldu\u011fu daha dar aile, evlenen gen\u00e7ler ve onlar\u0131n mutlulu\u011funu payla\u015fmaya gelenler, bunlar\u0131n getirmi\u015f oldu\u011fu hediyeler, gelinin odas\u0131ndan \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 s\u0131rada, d\u00fc\u011f\u00fcne gelenlere g\u00f6sterilir ve bunlar\u0131n kimler taraf\u0131ndan getirildi\u011fi y\u00fcksek sesle bir g\u00f6revli erkek taraf\u0131ndan, o yerdeki -daha \u00e7ok kad\u0131n olan izleyicilere- toplulu\u011fa duyurulurdu. D\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fcn en anlaml\u0131 yan\u0131 ise gegu\/e\u011flence alan\u0131nda sergilenirdi. D\u00fc\u011f\u00fcne gelenleri bir araya getiren ana etken sofra de\u011fil, d\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn e\u011flencesi (gegu) olurdu. Adige gelene\u011finin, di\u011fer topluluklar\u0131nkinden fark\u0131, sofra gelene\u011finden anla\u015f\u0131l\u0131r: Rus d\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fcne kat\u0131lanlar, gen\u00e7 ya\u015fl\u0131, kad\u0131n erkek hep bir arada sofraya oturur, yer i\u00e7er, \u015ferefe kadehler kald\u0131r\u0131rlar.<\/p>\n Adige d\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fcn en can al\u0131c\u0131, gelenek, terbiye kurallar\u0131, beceri ve yi\u011fitli\u011fin sergilenece\u011fi, ad b\u0131rak\u0131labilece\u011fi yer, gegu e\u011flenceleri olurdu.<\/p>\n D\u0130PNOTLAR 2) Dikkat edilirse, yemek listesinde i\u00e7ki bulunmuyor, bu da Adige gelene\u011finde alkoll\u00fc i\u00e7ki kullan\u0131lmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 belli ediyor. \u0130\u00e7ki Tatar, Abhaz, Rus, T\u00fcrk gibi halklarla ili\u015fkiler sonucu, bir k\u0131s\u0131m Adigelerce de i\u00e7ilmeye ba\u015flanm\u0131\u015f olmal\u0131d\u0131r. -HCY<\/p>\n
\nMaykop, Adige Cumhuriyeti Devlet Bas\u0131mevi, 2007, AD\u0130GE GELENE\u011e\u0130 (\u0410\u0414\u042b\u0413\u042d \u0425\u0410\u0411\u0417)
\nAlt\u0131nc\u0131 S\u0131n\u0131f, Adige Cumhuriyeti E\u011fitim ve Bilim Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan kabul edilmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n
\n1) -Palkav\/\u043f\u044d\u043b\u043a\u044a\u0430\u0443- s\u00fct, yumurta ve tereya\u011f\u0131 ile yo\u011frulmu\u015f ve mayalanmam\u0131\u015f \/ kabart\u0131lmam\u0131\u015f hamur, \u00e7ok ince bir bi\u00e7imde a\u00e7\u0131l\u0131r ve \u015fekerli suya\/\u015ferbete dald\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f bir thur\u0131je (ya\u011fda k\u0131zart\u0131lm\u0131\u015f b\u00f6rek) elde edilir.<\/p>\n